Your LSAT score is the most important part of the law school admissions process, and where you attend law school is likely to have a significant impact on the overall trajectory of your legal career. And the LSAT is very, very learnable. If you put in the time and study for it in the right way, you should expect significant score improvement.
It’s also true that the vast majority of people who take the LSAT do so without having put themselves in a position to perform at their best.
Not even get close.
Nothing I’m about to discuss is meant to be particularly unexpected or unique. In fact everything I’m about to discuss is meant to be obvious and fundamental. And the advice in this post is not specific to those who are studying with the Trainer. And the final caveat is that this is not the only way to effectively prepare for the exam—countless individuals have used countless methods to get themselves ready.
I do believe that the advice I’m about to give can apply to the majority of test takers, and, if you take all the steps that I suggest, the benefit to you should be that you can go into the exam proud that you’ve done all you can to perform at your best, and confident that you are more prepared than just about anyone else for the challenges that may appear.
Here’s what we’ll be covering:
- About the LSAT
- Tips for Setting Study Goals
- Suggestions for Study Methods and Schedule
- How to Bring it All Together
1. Basic Information About the LSAT
- The LSAT is administered six times per year. More information about when the exams occur and how to sign up can be found on the LSAC website. LSAC is the organization that creates and runs the LSAT.
- The LSAT remains remarkably consistent year after year and test administration after test administration, so you can utilize previously administered LSAT exams to prepare for your exam and trust that they are representative of the experience that you will have on test day.
- LSAC offers previously administered exams for sale in both electronic and printed formats. The most economical way to purchase practice exams is in books that bundle together ten practice exams—these books are commonly known as the “Ten Actuals” and are available on Amazon and in bookstores.
- The LSAT consists of three scored sections, as well as an experimental section. Each scored section is 35 minutes, and the exam will typically have approximately 75 scored questions in all.
- Of the scored sections, one is Logical Reasoning, one is Reading Comprehension, and one is Analytical Reasoning, more commonly known as Logic Games.
- All questions have the same value, and there is no guessing penalty. Your score is simply the result of how many problems you get correct, converted to a 180 scale that has been calibrated to your administration.
- LSAT problems are designed to require no advanced or specialized knowledge. This is one of the most unique and interesting aspects of the exam. That doesn’t mean that there is isn’t a lot to learn in order to prepare for the test; it does mean that an answer will never be right or wrong based on arcane or advanced information, such as the meaning of uncommon words.
- LSAT problems are designed to test fundamental reading and reasoning skills, as well as the ability to bring them together and utilize them appropriately.
An infographic that describes the scored sections of the LSAT. Please click to open fullscreen or to download.
2. Tips on Setting the Right Goals for Your LSAT Prep
Setting the right types of goals can be a huge key to your study success. And the big secret is to set direct and tangible goals that have to do with getting better at the LSAT, as opposed to goals, such as wanting to finish a prep book, or practice a certain number of tests, which most directly have to do with getting a certain amount of work done.
By thinking of the work as a means to an end, and by thinking of actual improvement in specific areas as our goals, we put ourselves in a much better position to get more out of our studies and reach a higher ceiling.
One way to think of our goals is that we want to improve in four key, interrelated areas: our understanding, our strategies, our skills, and our habits. Let’s talk about each of them quickly.
Understanding
In order to perform at our best on test day, we need a correct understanding of the issues that underlie the design of the exam (how the rules of conditional logic work, for example) and of the design of the exam itself (for example, what types of questions appear in a section).
Strategies
We also need to learn effective strategies for the test as a whole (how to allocate time during a section, for example) and for specific challenges (for example, how to diagram a particular type of Logic Game).
Skills
We can think of “skill” as the ability to apply understanding and strategies effectively. Understanding how one ought to shoot a basketball and why is one thing, and being able to do so well is quite another - the being able to do so is, again, what we can think of as “skill,” and proper preparation for the LSAT always involves the development of a lot of LSAT-specific skills.
Habits
Finally, our habits determine when we apply which skills. The LSAT presents the same types of challenges again and again and again, and a huge part of study success is getting better and better and quickly and effectively applying the right skills at the right time.
The goal of your studies should be to improve your understanding of the test, learn effective strategies, develop useful skills, and strengthen the right types of habits. And again, I think it does everyone a ton of good to plan and assess their studies according to these criteria.
For more detailed information about all of the LSAT-specific issues you will need to study, develop strategies for, and practice to master, please check out these links:
- How to Master Logical Reasoning
- How to Master Logic Games
- How to Master Reading Comprehension
- LSAT Readiness Checklist
3. Suggestions for Study Methods and Study Schedule
Keeping in mind that we want to grow our understanding and learn strategies, and then work to develop our skills and our habits, here are some suggestions for how to study for the LSAT.
We can think of your work as consisting of four main components: learning, drilling, practice tests, and review. Let’s quickly discuss each.
Learning
As we discussed earlier, we want to learn about the issues that underlie LSAT problems and about the design of those LSAT problems themselves, and we want to learn strategies for how to effectively manage the challenges that will appear on the exam.
The most popular methods for learning about the LSAT include (in no particular order) study guides, live courses, recorded courses, and tutoring, and many students will use a combination of tools, such as a study guide in conjunction with live courses, or recorded courses in conjunction with tutoring. Any of these learning methods can be effective, and in large part their effectiveness will be based on your preferences—so, choose the study methods that you feel most comfortable with, and, just as importantly, don’t be afraid to switch things up and try additional learning methods when you feel you need something extra.
There is a significant range in the quality and effectiveness of LSAT learning products, and there is great variation in how the LSAT is described and in the strategies that are suggested. So, you want to make sure to invest some time to carefully consider which LSAT learning products you feel are going to be most useful to you.
Regardless of the resources you choose, ideally, you will want to get most of your learning completed early on in your preparation so that you have plenty of time to get really good at applying what you learn.
Drilling
Many successful students, and in particular a very large concentration of those who have made giant leaps in score, credit drilling as being absolutely essential to their improvement. Drilling is the practice of isolating and practicing again and again a particular challenge that the LSAT presents. Study materials such as the Trainer have drills that can help you strengthen specific skills (such as translating conditional statements), but, for the most part, when students discuss drilling, they are talking about doing sets of LSAT questions, separated out by such characteristics as question type, game type, and so on.
The reason why drilling is so effective is because the LSAT is so very consistent in its design. The first few times you try playing Logic Games they may all seem uniquely challenging, but, when you bring together all of the Logic Games from all of the administered exams, you can see that the realm of possibility is in fact fairly limited and that the same issues show up again and again—so much so that you can isolate and prepare for all of them. And, when you bring together, say, twenty Match the Reasoning Logical Reasoning questions and solve them all consecutively, you can see great consistency in how they are designed, and notice patterns in terms of what leads to success and what leads to trouble, and you can work to habitualize efficient and effective routines.
Alternatively, imagine how much harder it would be to recognize such patterns and develop such routines if you only prepared by taking full practice exams, where you will see a Match the Reasoning questions every once in a while, and where you’d end up reviewing and thinking about Match the Reasoning questions while simultaneously trying to learn about and habitualize strategies for many other question types as well.
Finally, as I alluded to before, it is very useful to consciously bridge together your learning and your drill work. For example, you learn about a certain type of Logical Reasoning question, and then drill a set of those questions. In my opinion, this is the best way to get good at applying what you learn.
You can use the LSAT Trainer Questions By Type Tool to organize questions based on similar characteristics and to create your own Drill Sets.
Practice Tests
In general, I recommend that you take just a few practice tests throughout the early and middle stages of your preparation, and that you save the majority of them for the tail end of your studies. In the final phase of your prep you should mimic the real exam more and more, and, ideally, the majority of your final study time will be spent taking and reviewing full practice exams.
A few tips:
1) Make sure to take the exams as realistically as possible. Most importantly, don’t give yourself extra breaks and such between sections. You need to build up your stamina.
2) Use practice exams to find weaknesses to address. In fact, this should be the primary purpose of the practice exams that you take earlier in your prep.
3) Use practice exams to fine-tune and habitualize general test-taking strategies. This is especially important, and if you do this effectively, it can give you a huge leg up on most other test takers.
Most students waste a lot of time, energy, and focus during the exam having to make tough decisions about when to keep working on a problem versus when to move on, how to allocate the remaining time in a section when it doesn’t seem to be enough to finish all of the problems, and so on.
All of these types of challenges are predictable, and you want to use your practice exams to get yourself ready for them. Don’t just focus on the best ways to solve problems—make sure you’ve also worked on secondary strategies and practiced making the tough decisions.
The free LSAT Trainer study schedules can help you organize your learning, your drill work, and your practice exams.
Review
Your ability to review plays a large role in determining how much you get out of your learning, your drilling, and your practice exams. Students who are better able to identify and address their weaknesses are far more effective in their prep than students who are not, and the ability to review well plays a huge role in that.
The most important tip I have for review is to think about problems in terms of the actions that you took to solve them. Remember that the LSAT is not just a test of what you know, but rather of how you think, and so your thought process should be a huge focus of your self-assessment. Be hyper-critical of each step. Even for the questions that you get correct, think about how you could have made things easier for yourself—for example, think about why a certain wrong answer was attractive to you, and what steps you could have or should have taken that would have prevented that.
You can group incorrect actions into three general categories:
1) I read it wrong (and this includes not paying attention the right things / paying too much attention to the wrong things).
2) I thought it wrong (for example, you didn’t see the reasoning issue in an argument correctly).
3) I solved it wrong (for example, you didn’t correctly and fully work through chain of inferences after being given a conditional Logic Games question stem).
And from there, you can get deeper into whether you had trouble because you are lacking some understanding or effective strategies, or if it’s a matter of execution—maybe your skill set isn’t as strong as it ought to be, or you haven’t habitualized the right actions.
Throughout the entire process, I strongly recommend that you take and keep notes about the questions and challenges that cause you the most trouble. These notes can be very helpful for seeing patterns, and for tracking the areas where you need to improve in order to get to your goal score.
The Trainer study schedules, offered in 1, 2, 3, and 4 month versions, can help you organize your learning, drilling, and practice test work.
4. How to Bring it All Together
Learning. Drilling. Practice Tests. Review. I believe that these are the four critical components of a successful prep schedule.
As mentioned before, you want to get most of your learning done early on in your study process, so that you have plenty of time to practice applying what you know. Then you want to transition into drilling, and it can be helpful to connect the strategies and lessons that you learn with specific drill sets. Then you want to finish your prep by focusing mostly on practice tests. And throughout the entire process, you want to spend plenty of time reviewing your work.
Roughly speaking, if you have twelve weeks to study, that means you might spend the first three weeks focused on getting your feet wet (it can be helpful to take a diagnostic) and learning about the exam, the next three weeks bringing together your learning and drilling, the next three focused mostly on firming up habits through drilling, and the final three mostly on full practice exams (again, with plenty of review and overlap throughout). You also want to make sure to also build in plenty of flexibility—most specifically, give yourself some extra cushion in those final weeks so that you go back and address any remaining weaknesses.
If the above schedule seems too cramped for you, it probably is. The LSAT is enormously important for your future, and though life gets in the way for just about everyone, you want to try your best to be as prepared as you possibly can for it, no matter how long it takes. Having said that, it’s also true that one can make enormous strides in a small period of time, and if your time is limited, there are still, always, a lot of steps that you can take to raise your LSAT score.
No matter your situation, I hope that you’ve found this article helpful, and that it’s given you some ideas for how to get the most out of your study efforts.